Internal-combustion engine



Aug. 19, 1924.

' A. W. WALL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE riled Aug. 8', 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Aug. 19 1924.

A. W. ,WALL

INTERNAL COMBUST ION ENGINE,

Filed Aug. "8, 1919 2 sheets-shut 2 nite'd fiuid by the piston.

Patented Aug. 19, 1924.

UNITED STATES 1,505,451 PATENT OFFICE.

ARTHUR WILLIAM WALL, 0F SHELDON, NEAR BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB 0F THREE-FO'URTHS TO JOHN WHITE, JR., OF BOULTON ROAD, HANDSWORTH,

BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed August 8, 1919. Serial No. 316,193.

To all wham z't may concem:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR WILLIAM WALL, a sub'ect of the Kingdom of Great Britain, resi ing at The Laurels," Lyndon End, Sheldon, near Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invent ion comprises certain improve ments in or relating to internal-coml. ustion engines, particularly of the two-stroke cycle type.

he present invention comprehends an internal-combustion engine having slide valve controlled inlet and exhaust, and having the piston adapted to slide over the exhaust port or ports; by this arrangement the exhaust port or ports are adapted during the primary or any appropriate part of the explosion stroke to be protected from the ig- The expression slide valve is to be construed herein excluding the engine piston itself, but as including a valve which slides around the cylinder wall. Advantageously the piston is adapted also to slide over the inlet port or ports. In this arrangement the inlet and the exhaust ports are preferably situated so that they are in the vicinity of the piston at bottom dead centre and so that the inlet port or ports are then between theexhaust port or ports and the piston.

The present invention further comprehends a two-stroke cycle internal-combustion engine in which the piston is adapted to slide over the ports admitting to the explosion space as well as the exhaust,,ports, and in which multiple inlet and exhaust ports are located symmetrically around the cylinder, the exhaust ports being located further than the inlet ports from the end face of the piston when the latter is at bottom dead centre. By this arrangement of ports improved power and efliciency are obtained.

This arrangement may or may not be combined with slide valve control of either inlet or exhaust or both.

The present invention further comprehends in an internal-combustion engine a slide valve arrangement comprising a sleeve or segment moving, preferably rotating, relatively to the cylinder at a comparably slow speed and having a number of inlet and a number of exhaust ports with corresponding openings in a fixed partof the cylinder adapted to register with the ports in the sleeve. These ports are situated in the part of the cylinder in the vicinity of the piston at bottom dead centre. The ports in the sleeve register with the ports in the cylinder on two or more occasions in the course of a complete revolution of the crank but are closed by the piston except on one of these occasions, namely, when it is at the end of the power stroke. By this means a sufficiently large valve opening is obtained and controlled and by a comparatively slowly moving sleeve or segment.

Thepresent invention furthermore comprehends in an internal-combustion engine of the two-stroke cycle type, the utilization of a slide valve which controls the ingress to the precompression chamber, the transfer passage, and the exhaust.

Theslide valve may be located between the piston and the stationary cylinder wall, or an additional stationary wall may be located between the slide valve and the piston.

In order that this invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into practice, reference may be had to the appended explanatory two sheets of drawings, upon which I Figure 1 illustrates in sectional elevation an embodiment of the present invention, the plane of section being on line 12 of Figure 2.

Figure 2 illustrates in sectional plan, the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the plane of section being on line 34 of the figure last mentioned.

Figure 3 illustrates in sectional plan the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the lane of section being on line 56 of the gure last mentioned. I

Figure 4- is a crank diagram indicating one suitable timing which may be employed in the engine shown in Figures 1., 2 and 3.

In a convenient embodiment of the pres ent invention, as illustrated in the drawing, (1 represents the piston, which in Figure 1 is illustrated at the bottom of the stroke; 6 is the cylinder, 0 is a rotating sleeve located externally of the wall 5, d is a stationary liner located externally of the sleeve valve 0, and e is a housing which is assem-,

bled in half sections around the parts thus the ingress and exhaust ports to and from far enumerated. The housing a rotatably the explosion space are located in such a carries a worm wheel f which is driven in position that the piston completes a substanany suitable manner; this worm wheel f is tial part of its .stroke before the exhaust in mesh with thesleeve valve 0 and adapted ports are uncovered. appropriately to rotate the latter. In the In the embodiment illustrated a rotary exam le shown the sleeve 0 rotates once for annular sleeve valve is employed, but, alter everyxsix revolutions of the crankshaft. natively, we may employ an annular or Formed inv the housing 6 is an inlet port segmental sleeve valve having other approg which communicates with an annular priato movement, such as a longitudinal channel It encircling the liner (Z. In the one, a helical one, or a combination of liner d a series of symmetrically arranged rotary and longitudinal movements ports 21 Fig.1. 2: areprovided adapted to regis- What I claim as my invention and desire ter with ports provided: in the sleeve valve to secure by Letters Patent is 0. When theseports are in register, the inlet 9- is in communication with the interior of a cylinder provided with a plurality of the crank chamber by way successively of inlet openings and a plurality of outlet the annular space A: within the valve c, the openings, the inlet and outlet openings beopenings Z inthe cylinder wall 6 and the ing located at different levels, a piston in openings m in the piston a. said n is an annular space located externally able on said cylinder and adapted in each of the sleeve valve, and which is in comcycle of movement of the piston to bring munication with the space by a multiplie its ports into repeated registration with ity of openings 0. The upper extremity of some of said outlet openings, the passage this space 11 is adapted to be placed in comof gases through said ports and outlet municationby the sleeve valve 0 with the openings when they are in register being explosion space p. For-this purpose the repeatedly obstructed by said piston in each sleeve valve 0 is formedwith a series of cycle of movement and being freed only symmetrically arranged openings g adapted toregister with a series of symmetrically and means arranged openings 1' in the cylinder wall sleeve. I b. The openingsg and 1' register four times 2- An Internal combustlon engine, having during a complete revolution of the crank a but are closed by the piston on three of these and a group of outlet openings, the inlet occasions. The fourth respective registraand outlet openings being located at difiertion takes place at the end of the power out l vels, a piston in said cylinder, a mulstroke, when the ports have been uncovered 19 P 61 s idfible Sleeve on said cylinder by the piston and at a time. when the chann dapt d in each cycle of movement of nellc, Z, m is not in communication with th the p1ston to brlng its ports into repeated inlet 9, so that a transfer of the/fluid from registration Wltll a group of said openings, the crank chamber to the explosion space the passage f gases through said ports is obtain d, 7 and openings when they are in register be- Ports 8 Fig.3 are also provided in the @Hg ep a d y ru ted by said piston sleeve valve 0 and adapted at an appropriate In h y l Of m v ment and being freed time to register with ports if provided in the o y W he piston is near bottom dead cylinder wall. This registration takes place 4 Q and means mp rtlng unldlreotwice, once inoperatively, the openings being 11 1 movement to 52nd sleeve. I closed by the piston, and once at the end lntelnql mh H englne, having of the power stroke after the ports have a cylinder provided wlth a plurality of inlet been uncovered by the piston, when the exopen ngs and a plurality of outlet openings, plosion space 7) is placed in comuumication he inl n Ou l t opcnmgs being located with the annular space I, and ultimately tit d1 fferent levels, a multiple ported sleeve with the exhaust passages 1'. 1n frict onal engagement with a portion of A suitable crank diagram is indicated at d cy er d ad pted in each cycle of Figure 4, but th ti ing movement of the piston to bring its ports obviously be considerably modified in this 1I1 r peated registration with said outlet embodiment. In this diagram to represents. opemngs, the passage of combustion gases th o iti f lo in theifilgt the through said ports and openings when they position of opening otthesexhaust, a the Mom register being repeatedly obstructed position of opening of the transfer passage, by Sold pi ton In e ch cycle of movement 7 the position of closing of the transfer pas and being freed only when the piston is sage, and also the position of opening of near bottom dead center,'and means for rothe inlet, and 8 the position. of'closingof tating said sleeve. the exhaust. i

From Figure 1 it will'be noted that both a cylinder provided with a group of inlet for imparting movement to said 1. An internal combustion engine. having cylinder, at multiple ported sleeve slidwhen the piston is near bottom dead center, I

cylinder provided with a group' of lnlet 4. An internal combustion engine, having 7 sleeve having ports uniformly distributed and circumferentially arranged thereon, the sleeve being slidable on said cylinder and beingadapted in each cycle of movement I. of the piston to bring its ports into re peated registration with said inlet and outlet openings respectively, the passage of gases through said ports and openings when they are in register being repeatedly obstructed by said piston in each cycle of movement and all of the openin s and ports of one of said groups being Freed only when the piston is near bottom dead center, andmeans for imparting movement to said sleeve.

5. An internal combustion engine, having a cylinder provided with a plurality of inlet openings and a plurality of outlet openings, the inlet openings being located at a level different from the outlet openings, the inlet openings being uniformly distributed circumferentially of the cylinder, the outlet openings being circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the cylinder, the arrangement of said outlet openings being, however, difi'erent from that of the inlet openings, a multiple ported sleeve slidable on said cylinder and provided with ports adapted to register repeatedly in each cycle of movement with all of the outlet openings in the cylinder, the passage of gases through said ports and outlet openings when they are in register being repeatedly obstructed by said piston in each cycle of movement and all of the said ports and outlet openings being freed only when the piston is near bottom dead center, and means for imparting movement to said sleeve.

6. An internal combustion engine, having a cylinder provided with circumferentially distributed outlet openings and inlet openings, a piston. a multiple ported sleeve in said cylinder, andmeans movable in predetermined fixed relation to the movements of said piston for admitting fuel into and discharging gases from said cylinder simultaneously through all of said inlet openings and all of said outlet openings respectively.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

ARTHUR WILLIAM WALL. 

